The developmental cycle of a drug epidemic: the cocaine smoking epidemic of 1981-1991.

Although Americans have experienced many drug epidemics, the majority of which have ended within ten years of onset, they nevertheless believed that the use of smokable cocaine, which took the popular form of crack cocaine in 1984, would grow exponentially throughout the 1990s unless it was vigorously combated. However, in 1991 it appears that crack use is in decline even in the inner-city neighborhoods where it had been most entrenched, and that the decline is due more to natural controls than to the War on Drugs. The cyclical nature of drug epidemics, as well as their progression through regular stages, was again affirmed. The cocaine-smoking epidemic of 1981-1991 (which included crack) afforded the opportunity to research it in its entirety. In this article, the advantages of recognizing the developmental cycles of drug epidemics are outlined, the most important of which concerns the future. In the terminal stage of the developmental cycle of a drug epidemic, remaining abusers play a pivotal role. If humanely treated, they may serve as deterrents to future drug use: frustrated in current drug use, however, yet insensitively treated by the wider society, they may author the next epidemic.